Window structure



Feb. E39 l95l F. F. BEIL. 295419325 WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed June 22, 19452 Sheets-Sheet l 13a/.t E l l 125A 1 w U8 l@ 4.

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Peb. 13, 1951 F. F. BEM.

WINDOW STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 22, 1945 IN VEN TOR.

jatentecl Feb. 13, 11951 WINDOW STRUCTURE Forrest F. Beil, Clinton,Iowa, assignor to Curtis Companies Incorporated, Clinton, Iowa, acorporation of Iowa Application June 22, 1945, Serial No. 600,957

Claims.

My present invention relates to window structure of the type in whichvertically sliding sash are supported by coil springs and cooperatingelements are provided for affording proper friction on the sash wherebythe sash will remain in any position to which they may be adjusted.

A particular object is to provide such a window structure having afloating friction bar of novel construction mounted in the jamb in eachside of the two sash of a double-hung window for providing a sealingengagement with the sash and affording a part stop.

It is my purpose to provide such a friction bar having spaced sealingand guide members constructed preferably of Wood or plastic andresiliently connected by a metal element.

A further object is to provide such a friction bar which in cooperationwith other parts, performs the function of providing tight jointsbetween the bar and the sash and of frictionally engaging the sash sothat in cooperation with the coil springs adequate friction is affordedin all positions of the sash and all conditions of expansion andcontraction.

A further object is to provide resilient means in the jambs for biasingthe friction ,bar toward the sash and also serving as weather stripsealing means.

A still further object is to provide a window structure in which thelast-described resilient means and the friction bar may be installed inthe jambs or removed therefrom without the aid of tools and without theuse of nails, screws or other fastenings.

Another object is to provide such a structure with the parts so made andarranged that the sash may be assembled in or removed from the frame bysnapping them into place or removing them from the frame in the shortesttime and with the least labor.

Particularly it is my object to provide such a friction bar which, incooperation with the other parts. will maintain proper friction witheach of the sash regardless of shrinking or swelling of the sash andwhich will always afford weather seal with the sash.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of mydevice whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinaftermore fully set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a window structureembodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional perspective view through part of a window frameand having sashes therein illustrating the friction and providingweather sealing connection between the jamb and the sashes.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 1illustrating the manner in which the friction bar and the weathersealing resilient members for biasing it toward the sash may beinstalled and held in place.

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view somewhat similar to Figure `2but enlarged tobetter show the arrangement of the friction bar withrelation to the sash and the resilient weather strip member which biasesthe bar toward the sash.

Figurey 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure1.

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line l--l of Figure1.

In the drawings herewith, the window sill is shown at l0. The head jambat I2 and a side jamb at I3. The window illustrated is of the doublehung type having the upper sash U and the lower sash L.

The sash are hung on coil springs lil and Illa. secured at their upperends to the jambs and at their lower ends to the lower parts of thestiles of the respective sash. There are two springs for each sash. Theyare of the kind more fully illustrated in Madsen Patent No. 1,889,752.The stiles of the upper and lower sash are indicated at l5 and I6respectively. The stiles are provided with similar grooves |5a and ita,and the jambs are provided with grooves i3d, Fig. 5, and housing thesprings I4, I 4a.

The window frame has the blind stop |3b and the inside stop E30, Fig. 2,which complete the spring housings. These springs ill and Ida areselected and tested with great care and their tension is preferably suchas to balance th-e weight of the upper and lower sash vertically of thelower` frame.

We note that the structure at the opposite side of the sash from thatillustrated in Figure 2 is the same as that shown in Figure 2.

By the use of springs constructed within certain limits of tension andby controlling the friction of the sliding strips, I have produced astructure inwhich the sash may be moved freely and conveniently and witha minimum of effort to any position from full open to full closed and inwhich the sash will be held in any position in 3 not stick in dampweather. The present structure also allows minimum infiltration of airunder all conditions. IIhese desirable results are obtained by thestructure now to be described in greater detail.

The sash fit between the side jambs 'with enough play to avoid anybinding under the maximum swelling to which the parts may be subjected.The desired friction with proper weather seal are provided by means ofthe friction bar B and the resilient bar 2li, Figure 5. The friction barB has two members 2I, laterally spaced as shown for instance in Figures2 and 5,

having rounded beads 22, cooperating with correspondingly shaped groovesI'I and I8 in the respective sash,

The wood members 2i of the friction bar B are connected by resilientmetal member A having channel-shaped portions' 22a to receive parts ofthe members 2I. The channel shaped portions 22a, of the member A areconnected by a vertical strip 222) having a central portion 22e forminga parting strip and fitting into and cooperating with rabbets I9 and 2tin the adjacent edges of the stiles I and i5 of the upper and lowersash, but free from Contact with the sash.

For biasing the friction bar B toward the sash so that it will properlyperform its function of affording friction and providing a parting stopland weather seal, I provide the member 211- illustrated as having adouble Z-shape. The member 24 is received in a single channel 23provided in the jamb I3, and has the spring fianges Zlia bear- 1 ingagainst the respective wooden members ZI of the friction bar B in suchfashion as to tend to press the beads 22 into the grooves l-I 8.

The member 213 is thus yieldingly compressed between the bottom of thegrooves 23 and the friction bar B so that it functions as a weatherstrip sealing the weather structure against the inltration of air acrossthe face of the beam.

The parts are so constructed and proportioned that the friction bar B isoatingly projected,

into the channel or groove 23 in the jamb I3 when the beads 22 projectwell away from the jamb to afford proper frictional engagement betweenthese beads and the sash under all conditions of contraction andexpansion of the parts. While the friction bar B is thus iloatinglymounted, it is yet snugly sealed on both sides to prevent airinfiltration. The sealing is accomplished by continuous Contact of thebar B with the sash and with the member 26, which presses against thebottom of the channel 23.

The friction bar B may be made of a single piece without the resilientconnecting member A, but I have found that there are substantialadvantages in the present structure over such a single piece bar.

The member 2li and the friction bar B both extend full length of the twosash so that there are no breaks anywhere through which air may gothrough the window. A single bar and a single member 2li may beinstalled on each side of the window for providing friction and weathersealing for both sash.

The wood parts of the bar B are preferabl `made of hardwood orsemi-hardwood .and they may be coated with a water repellant and may beimpregnated with a suitable lubricant, if desired.

A sealing bar B may be inset in the head jamb at the top of the windowframe for cooperation Awith the upper sash.

Another advantage of the structure herein de.- scribed lies in thesimplicity with which the mem+ ber 24 and friction bar B may beinstalled. The bar B terminates a little short of the side jambs I3, Themember 24 can be loosely set in place in the channel 23 of the side jambI3 and the upper end of the friction bar B can be slipped behind the endof the bar B' as indicated in Figure 4.

The lower ends of the bars B may be notched to coact with small metalretainers 23a fastened to the sill lil. The bar B may be bowed to itsdotted shape shown in Figure 4, and its lower end slipped to positionfor coacting with the retainer 23a, and the bar B can then be released,and it will fit snugly in place projecting into the channel 23.

The end of the bar B and the retaining sleeve 23 are so positioned as toretain the floating movement of the friction bar B required forpermitting it to perform its functions properly.

In installing the sash in the frame, it is assumed that inside stop I3con one side has been removed. The sash can be set in place forcooperation with the friction bar on the other side with the springs I4properly connected. The sash can then be swung to position, sliding overthe bead or beads of the bar B at the side of the frame from which theinside stop has been removed, and snapped into position where it will beretained by the sealing bars. Both sash can be similarly inserted in aminimum of time.

Springs I4, Ida at one side of the frame are installed after the sashare in place, and the inside stop |30 is then fastened in position.

The sash are removable with equal con- Venience.

The inside stop |30 may be removed and the springs I, Isa on that sidetaken out, whereupon the Asash may be snapped out of position. Bypushing a sash toward the opposite side jambs, enough play is permittedto permit the sash to be snapped out.

The friction lbars B and the members 24 insure the maintenance of properfriction between the sash and the frame under all working conditions sothat the sash and springs I4, Ila will always properly cooperate.

The members 24 and bars B afford an excellent weather seal. The frictionand the seal are maintained even in case of the rare instances of bowedjambs, and in all conditions of expansion and contraction of the woodenparts.

I have found that a wood-to-wood sliding connection tends to give a moreequal friction under all conditions than does a' metal-to-wood ormetal-to-metal sliding contact. Where a metalto-wood or metal-to-metalsliding contact is provided, any corrosion of the metal results in achange in the friction. This is particularly important with spring-hungwindows where the ideal condition is one where the coil springs normallytend to hold the sash half way up and the friction is just a little morethan enough to cause the sash to be held in any position lof adjustment.i

Assume that the sash is in perfect balance when it is at mid-position ofits vertical travel. At this position the tension on the springsbalances the weight of the sash. When the sash is pulled to a lowerposition, the spring tension increases and thus will exceed the weightof the sash which would tend to pull the sash back to the centerposition. It is necessary then that sufficient friction be introduced toresist this tendency of the sash to go back to the center position. Now,if the sash is raised from the midposition, the spring is shortened andthe spring tension is reduced, in which case the tension of the springis less than the weight of the sash and the sash tends to fall towardback to the center position. Under this condition it is necessary thatsufficient friction be introduced to prevent the sash from loweringitself. These are the conditions produced in the Window through the useof coiled springs built to rigid specifications Which cover the amountof initial tension in the coil and the build-up rate of the spring. Byinitial tension is meant the pull in pounds necessary to start thespring extendingv from a closed position and the build-up .rate is theincrease in tension which occurs as the spring is extended further andfurther.

The friction bar of the kind here described has certain advantages whichmay be enlarged upon. If the friction bar is an integral single bar, theexpansion of one sash may tend to pull the parting stop away from theother sash. There is less of that tendency with the present structure.With the present structure each member 2l may move directly in and outto a degree in the channel 23 without twisting the other member 2l asmight occur with a onepiece friction bar.

It is also of some importance that in the present structure the 'members2| lmay have slight limited play toward and from ,each other to enablethe bar to t the sash snugly under all conditions of expansion andcontraction and under all conditions of variations With' the tolerancesof manufacture.

It is preferable and it is my purpose that the frame and sash befinished and machined to the highest degree of accuracy, yet if thereare slight variations from the ideal, the structure here provided willtake care of them and afford the minimum necessary friction incooperation with the coil springs to hold each sash in any position ofits adjustment.

It is my purpose to cover by my claims amr modifications or use ofmechanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within theirscope and the scope of my invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a removable friction bar, a pair of spaced wood members, eachhaving a bead for coacting with a window sash, and a resilient memberconnecting said wood members for permitting their limited movementrelative to each other said resilient member having dovetail channelsreceiving marginal edges of said Wood members whereby the wood membersare connected relative to said resilient member.

2. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs, each provided witha central vertical channel, a pair of sashes vertically slidable betweenthe jambs, each having grooves in its Stiles, friction bars iloatinglymovable toward and from the bottoms of the channels in the jambs andbetween the walls of said channels, each of said friction bars havingindividual spaced members each provided with a bead for tting into thegroove of a sash and having a resilient central connecting member, andcontinuous means extending the full length of the channel for ybiasingthe beaded members of said friction bar toward the sashes, said lastmeans being received in the respective channels and serving as aweatherstrip.

3. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs, each provided witha central vertical` stiles, a friction bar floatingly movable toward andfrom the bottom of the channel in the jamb and between the walls of saidchannel, said friction bar having spaced members provided with beads forfitting into the grooves of the sashes and having a resilientv centralconnecting member and shaped to form a rounded parting stop andcontinuous means extending the full length of the channel for biasingthe beaded members of the friction bar toward the sashes, said lastmeans being received in the respective channels and serving as aweatherstrip.

4. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs,Y leach providedwith a central vertical channel, a pair of sashes vertically slidablebetween the jambs, each having grooves in its stiles, a friction bariioatingly movable toward and from the bottom of the channel in the jamband between the Walls of said channel, said friction bar having spacedmembers provided with beads for fitting into the grooves of the sashesand having a resilient central connecting member, and shaped to form arounded parting stop, said sash having rounded rabbets to coact withsaid parting stop, and means for biasing the beaded members of saidfriction bar toward `the sashes, said last means being received in therespective channels.

5. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs, each provided witha vertical channel, a pair of sashes arranged to slide verticallybetween the jambs, each sash having rounded grooves in its stiles andhavingl rounded rabbets to coact withla rounded parting stop, a frictionbar floatingly movable laterally of the window in said channel, saidfriction bar having spaced wood members, each provided with a roundedbead to project into the grooves of the sash, and having a resilientmetal connecting bar provided with channels to receive parts of saidwood members and shaped to form a rounded parting stop, and resilientmeans in said channel for biasing the first-described members of thefriction bar toward the sashes.

6. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs, each formed with avertical channel, a pair of sashes vertically slidable between thejambs,.y adapted to be resiliently supported on the jambs, said lsasheshaving rounded grooves in their stiles and having rounded rabbets intheir stiles to cooperate with the parting stop, friction bars, eachhaving spaced wood members provided with rounded beads to cooperate withthe grooves in the sashes and having a resilient member connecting saidrst-named wood members and shaped to form a parting stop to cooperatewith said rabbets, and a resilient metal member in each channel, havinga part for engaging the bottom of the channel and parts for biasing thewood members of the friction bar toward the sashes, whereby controlledfriction on the sashes is provided for holding the sashes in any oftheir adjusted positions.

7. In a window structure, a frame having side jambs, each provided witha vertical channel, a pair of sashes vertically slidable between saidjambs adapted to be resiliently hung, each having in each stile arounded groove to cooperate with a sealing bar, and a rounded rabbet tocooperate with a parting stop, tensioned to normally hold the sashes atthe middle positions of their movement, a friction bar oatingly movablebetween the walls of each channel toward and from the bottom of saidchannel, said friction bar having spaced Wood members, each providedwith a f 7 rounded bead to cooperate with a groove in a sash and havinga resilient connecting member shaped to form a parting stop to cooperatewith the rabbets in the sashes and a resilient strip in each channelengaging the bottom thereof and having projecting parts for engaging thewood members oi said friction bar and biasing them toward theirrespective sashes, said sashes and jambs being constructed to allowexpansion and contraction thereof without binding,

8. In a window structure, av frame having side jambs, each provided witha vertical channel, a pairof sashesvvertically slidable between saidjambs adapted to be resiliently hung, each having in each stile arounded groove to cooperate with a sealing bar, and a rounded rabbet tocooperate with a parting stop, tensioned to normally hold the sashes atthe middle positions of their movement, a friction bar floatinglymovable between the walls of each channel toward and from the bottom ofsaid channel, said friction bar having spaced wood members, eachprovided with a rounded bead to cooperate with a groove in a sash andhaving a resilient connecting member shaped to form a parting stop tocooperate with the rabbets in the sashes and a resilient strip in eachchannel engaging the bottom thereof and having projecting parts forengaging the wood members or said friction bar and biasing them towardtheir respective sashes, said sashes and jambs being constructed toallow expansion and contraction thereofwithout binding, means on theframe at the top and bottom of said friction bars to limit the amount ofmovement of the friction bars away from the jambs, said friction barsbeing suiciently resilient to permit them to be sprung to insert theirends behind said limiting means.

9. A friction bar having apair of spaced wood members formed withlongitudinal beads for cooperation with a pair of window sash Stiles ofwindow sashes, the panes of which are mounted in two planes parallel to,and spaced from, each other a slightly greater distance than thethickness ofk the sash, said friction bar havingy a resilient strip forconnecting said wood members, the central part of which connecting stripis shaped to form a parting stop projecting between said pair of Windowsash Stiles.

10. In a friction bar, a pair of spacedwood members having beads forcoaction with grooves in a pairl of window sash Stiles of window sashes,the panes of which are mounted in two planes parallel to, and spacedfrom, each other at a slightly greater distance than the thickness ofthe sash, a resilient connecting strip having a pair of oppositelyopening channels, one for receiving part of one of said wood members andthe other for receiving part of the other of said wood members, saidconnecting strip having a central portion connectingl the respectivechannels together and forming a parting stop adapted to engage betweensaid pair of sash stiles.

FORREST F. BEIL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,366,679` Schecter Jan. 25, 19212,275,955 Goellner Mar. 10, 1942 2,307,647 Starck Jan. 5, 1943

